Washing machine



r De 3, 1935- E:.'s sToDDARD y 2,023,107

WASHING MACHINE Filed Maron 19. 1928 5 sheets-sheet' 1 l De@n s, 193s.

. s. sTODDARD 2,023,107I` WASHING MACHINE Filed March 19 1955 :ssneetsfsneet 2 Il "M f5 @am Waard @66. 3, 1935. l` E, s STQDDARD2,023,107

WASHING MACHINE Filed March 19, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Ratented 3, ,1935

UNITED STATES 2,023,101 WASHING MACHINE Edgar S. Stoddard, Berwyn, Ill.,assigner to The Conover Company, Chicago, Ill., a corporation.

oflllinois Application March 19, 192s, serial No. 262,652 schim. (ol.141-9) This invention relates to improvements in washing machines,especially to dishwashing machines of the portable type.

Much diiiiculty has been experienced with i5 washing machines andespecially with dishwashing machines of the portable type in adding thewash and rinse liquid thereto. In most machines it has been necessary,to stop the machine if it is in operation and remove the cover. Duringthe l rinsing operation it was necessary toA repeat the operation ofstopping the machine, removing the cover, adding the rinsing liquid,replacing the 'cover and starting the machine several times to rinse theinterior of the machine and the dishes l therein. The' rinsing, in manycases, was very dimcult and had to berepeated many times due to thepresence of many crevices and recesses in thev machine in which dirtAand grease could collect.

, The amount of water placed in the machine could only be roughlyestimated and the desired xed operating level was usually notmaintained. In addition there was -no adequate provision made forremoving the' waste wash or rinse.

25 liquids from the interior of vthe machine.

An object of this invention-is to provide a Washing machine to which canbe added wash and rinse liquids'and from which waste liquids can beremoved in a very convenient manner with- 30 out removal of the coverand without stopping the machine.

Another object' of this invention is tmprovide a domestic washingmachine which can be readily -moved about and which is adapted to co- 35operatewith an ordinary householdY sink'in obtaining a supply of washand rinsing liquids and in discharging its waste liquids. Y

' A'further object of this invention is to provide a washing machine,the liquid level of which canl course of the following speciilcation,among the 50 more important ones oi' which are to provide a-self-cleaning machine, to provide an improved manner of attachment ofthe'legs, the hinges and other elements to the sides of the tank and toprovide an improved hinge connection between 55 the cover and the tank.

l Although this invention is broadluy directed to improvements inconnection with all dishwashing machines, it is especially directed toimprovements to be used in connection with the centrifugal sprayprojector-type .of washing machines, 5 which are more fully describedand shown in the copending application, Serial Number 353,841

iiled January24, 1920, now Patent No. 1,679,465, and my copendingapplication Serial lid-193,414, now Patent No. 1,943,636. Thevfunctioning oi' this type of machine depends uponthe operation oi' asmall unencased screw-like impeller,` with spiral blades, which impellerrotates at a high velocity oi the order oi 1,000 to 2,000 R. P. M. inthe lower part of the tank of the machine. Only the lower part of thisimpeller is immersed in the shallow liquid lpool in the lower part ofthe tank. The shallow liquid pool in the lower part of the machine ismaintained in relatlveley quiescent condition during the operation ofthe machine. As it turns, the impeller elevates/ the liquid from itslower spiral screw portions to its upper concavoy projectors which throwthe cleansing liquid at a tremendous velocity'directly upon, or into,the 25 objects to be cleansed. Since there are no'bafes or deflectors tobreak the force of the liquid, the .total force o1' the projected massof liquid is e'ective for cleansing purposes. Although'thevelocity ofthe cleansing liquid is very high, the volume ofV cleansing liquid isvery small, and as a result a very eective cleansing is obtained with aand most edicient use of soap and water. The projected mass of liquid atthe same time keeps the interior of the tank of the machine clean andcauses all the food particlesand other solid matter to collect at thebottom of the casing from whence they can be readily removed. Intheoperation oisthis unencased impeller, it is important that only thelower portion of the impeller'be immersed in water, since if theimpeller be totally immersed, it will not result in an emcient cleansingaction.- In view of the i'act that `the dishes and other objects arekept out,of contact with the body of liquid contained in the bottom ofthe tank, and the cleansing is solely due to contact with theprojectedmass oi'liquid, it

y.is limportant that the proper ,operating condi` tions Vbe maintainedfor producing such a cleansing action. 50

The following drawings illustrate one embodi- `ment of the invention asapplied to th centrifurestricted.

Figure 1 represents a vertical sectional view of the washing machineupon the line of Figure 2;

Figure 2 represents a sectional top view of the lower part of the, tankof the washing machine with the basket removed upon the line 2-2 ofFigure 1;

l Figure 3 represents a fragmentary vertical side view showing the inletand outlet connections of the machine upon the line 3-8 of Figure 2;

Figure 4 represents an enlarged sectional view of the upper part of thelevel indicating column shown in Figure 1;'

Figures 5 and 6 represent sectional views upon the lines 6-5 of Figure2, and 6-8 of Figure 5, respectively, an'd they show the construction ofthe pump well and chambers in greater detail;

Figure 'I represents a vertical sectionalview and shows a modifiedcentering connection between the motor and the tank portion;

Figure 8 represents a view upon the line 8-8 of Figure 1 and shows thehinge arrangement of the lid when the lid is raised to verticalposition; and

Figures 9, 1o and 11 are detail views showingthe character of thebrackets which are used for attachment of the various the tank.

.In Figure 1 the washing machine is composed of a vertical cylindricaltank 2| which is provided with a cover 22 and three symmetricallypositioned legs 28 which ride upon the rollers 24 soy that the washing'machinecan be readily moved bottom 21 which may take 'the shape of anvinverted frustrated cone. The rim of the removed .apexial portion ofsaid frustrated conical bottom 21 is attened as indicated at 28 (seeespecially Figure5); The tank of the machine can also be square,rectangular or polygonal in horizontal cross section. The bottom can becaused to drain to one side of the tank if desired.` In case it isdesired to be able to move the dish racks into thetank of the machinefrom the side, the impeller can be placed adjacent to the side or cornerremoved from the entrance.

The flattened rim 28 (see Figure 5) is adapted to be joined to a journalcasting 80 by the screws 3| which are positioned at equal intervalsaround said flattened rim. The contacting edge 82 of the castingv 30 isbevelled and between the flattened rim 28 and the bevelled edge 32 isclamped the circular rubber washer 33. This will insure a water-proofjoint between the journal casting 30 and the body of the tank 2| sincethe bevelled edge 32 will compress the rubber washer along one linearound the edge of the rim giving a perfect contact over the entirejoint.

The casting 3D contains an upper chamber 4|, (see Figure 5) va lowerchamber 42, a bearing member 43 and a lower flange 44 for attachmentwith the motor. The upper chamber 4| (see Figure l) is provided with atubular projection 58 horizontal swaying arm which is adapted to extendaway from the tank 2| so as to cooperate with the faucets or basin voi!a domestic household sink as shown upon Figure 3 and which is partstothe bodyf also adapted to be placed over the cover 22 of the tank 2|when the machine is not being utilized as shown in Figure l.v The mainconduit 51 is also partly contained in vertical tubing which extends upalong the side of the tank (see Fig- 5 ure 3). .Adjacent to the bottomof the tank the conduit 51 can be continued vinto either one of twoconduits, a conduit 58 leading directly into the side of the tankslightly above the dished bottom 21 and another conduit 68 which leadsinto a 1 well in the bottom of tank and cooperates with the projection6|.

The main conduit is constituted in the following manner: The funnel 6|),which is preferably a casting, (see Figures 1 and 3) is adapted to co- 1operate with an ordinary household sink. It can be turned upwardly, asindicated, so as to receive the ow of liquid from a spigot or faucety.or it can be turned downwardly .to permit disthe tank into thehousehold sink. Attached to y the funnel 68 is the horizontal tube 6| towhich -is attached the fiber handle 62 which may also be made of hardrubber, Bakelite" or any other heat insulating material. The handle 62is iltted 2 overa knurled or roughened portion of the tubing 6|. To theend of the tube 8| is attached the nut 88 which is provided th a hollowportion 64 for containing suitable s umng material. The

`charge of the waste liquid from the interior of 20 tube 6| fits overand slides upon an inner tube 30 which is provided with a collar 66,which may be adjusted in different positions upon the tube 66 bymeans ofa set screw 61. The tube 65 is rigidly set into the elbow 68. The tube6| is adapted to ride back and forth so as to increase 8 or decrease thedistance between the funnel 60 and the elbow 68. The amount of frictionbetween the tube 65 and the tube 8| can be regulated by screwing orunscrewing the nut 63 which will compress or lessen the compression uponthe 4 stuiling material in the recess 64. If it is desired A to have ailxed length between the funnel 60 and the elbow 68 the length of thetube between 60 and 68 may be adjusted by loosening the set screw 61,and byA moving the collar 66 along the tube 4 65 until it rests againstthe nut 63. 'I'he set screw 61 is again tightened and the distancebetween 68 and 66 will then be set so that the funnel may cooperate witha domestic or household sink in the desired manner. When it is 5 desiredto turn the funnel 60 so that it will discharge downwardly into thebasin of the sink, such may be done by means of the handle 62. The tube6| and the nut 68 can be turned in this manner without affecting theadjustments or the 5 predetermined length between the funnel 6U and theelbow 68.

The downwardly extending portion of the elbow68 is rigidly attached 'toa vertical' tube G9 which is provided with a collar 10 which can be 60elbow 68 can be turned at any desired angle since the tube 69 willreadily turn within the tube 12. c'I'he length of the tube69 above thenut 13 can also be readily regulated by loosening the set screw 1|,elevating or lowering the` elbow 68, moving the collar v1li to its newposition so it will rest against the nut 13 and again tightening the 75Conduit 51 and the conduit 58.

set screw 1|. Ihe tube 12 passes through the bracket 15 which isattached to thev side `of the tank. I'he tube 12 leads to the three-wayvalve 11. When wash or rinse water is being admitted to the tank thethree-way valve 11 may be so adjusted as to close the connection betweenthe conduits 51 and 59 and' open the connection betweenthe conduit 51and the conduit 58. When waste liquid is being removed from the tank thethree-way valve 11 may be so adjusted that it will open the passagebetween the conduit 59 and the .conduit 51 and close the passage betweenthe The valve 11 is attached to the side of the tank by means of the nut10, the enlarged portion of which is positioned within the interior ofthe tank I The two rubber washers 19 are iirmly clamped between thethree-way valve 11 and the nut 19. The conduit 59 is contained in avertical tube 92. an elbow 83 and a slanting tube 04 which latterfltsinto the tubular projecting hollow portion 5| which communicates withthe lower chamber of the casting 30.

If the wash and rinse water is run into the.

machine while the water propelling or circulating device is not inoperation, the conduit 50 may be cut out entirely and the combinedconduits 51 and 59 utilized both for conducting the wash and rinse waterinto the bottom of the tank below the water actuating device and forconducting the4 extends up along the side of the tank 2|. To the upperpart of the tube 93 is attached the gauge 'bottom 94. each side of whichis bored so as to form the chambers 95 and 96. Through the center oflthe member 94 is drilleda holebetween the cup-shaped openings 95 and 96through which is passed, and to which is soldered, a pressure tubeu |00.This pressure tube extends downwardly into the tube 93 and terminates ina pressure bell |0| which is positioned in the lower part of the column90 so that it will be partly submerged. The gauge bottom 94 maybe set ina fixed position uponthe tube 93 by means of the tube |00 is bent overas indicated at |03 and then extends upwardly into the reservoir chamber96. The cylindrical portion of the reservoir chamber 96 is provided withan indicating line |04.

yThe upper portion of gauge bottom 94 is threaded and the gauge top isscrewed upon Iit. 'Ihe rubber washerA |06 insures an air-tight fitbetween the gauge top |05 and the gauge botber |01. The conical portionof this indicating chamber |01 is provided with the gauge line |08. Inthe lower portion of-the gauge |05 is drilled a hole in which'isinserted the tube |09.which is soldered to the gauge top |05. The tube|09 extends downwardly and under the surface of the indicating liquid inthe reservoir 96. The top of the gaug'e chamber is covered by a piece ofcelluloid or other transparent material I0. 'Ihe pressure tube |03 neednot be bent as'shown. The tube may be straight, if it is set loff centerin the gauge bottom 94 or if the tube |09is either bent off Vcenter inthe reservoir chamber 96 or set oi center if* the gauge top |05.

set screw |02. The upper portion of the pressure f torn 94. The upperpart of the gauge is drilled.`

'out and count'ersunk so as to forni a gauge cham- The column 90 isconnected to the upper chamber of the casting 30 so that any change oflevel in the tank is readily communicated to the gauge 94. The column 90is ordinarily fl'lled with water up to the level of the liquid in thewashing cham- 5 ber of the tank This water will trap a column of air inthe pressure bell |0| and in the pressure tube |00. As the liquid levelin the tank rises the air which has been trapped in the bell |0| and inthe tube |00 will be forced upwardly into the reservoir chamber 96. Theindicating liquid in the reservoir chamber 96 will then be forced upthrough the tube |09 into the gauge chamber |01. When the liquid-reachesthe line |08 the proper level inside the tank will have been reached. l

The indicating liquid which ls used should have a higher specificgravity than water and a much higher boiling point than water so that itwill not readily evaporate. ,The indicating liquid must indicate thelevel of both hot water and cold water and the liquid must functionpractically the same without substantial expansion or evaporation'Abetween the temperatures of about 60 F. and 212 F. The liquid shouldhave 25 a higher specific gravity than water for the reason that. slightchanges in the specific gravity of the liquid in the tank-||| should notmaterially change the rise in the level of the indicating liquid. Thereis frequently a layer of suds upon the top of the water in the lowerpart of the column 90, that is in the elbow 92 or in the tube 93. Thislayer of suds is liable to materially affect the `level of the liquid inthe gauge chamber |01 unless a liquid of higher 35 speciilc gravity thanwater is used. In this l-atter case the effect will be very small andmay be neglected. As a general rule it is preferred to use liquids whichare colored, or colorless lquidsin which dyes can be readily dissolved,which@ are odorless, which have a higher 'boiling point f than water,and which also h-ave a substantial? ly higher specic gravity. Theliquids utilizedhI should also be of low viscosity so that they willreadily move in tubes of small diameter with slight changes in pressure.Alcohols, especiallyl the polyhydric alcohols such` as ethylene glycolhave been found useful for this purpose. Some alcohols may have to beslightly diluted with water to reduce their viscosity, but the amount ofwater should be kept down so that there will not be any materialincrease in the vapor pressure of the indicating liquid. The reservoirchamber should be protected from the heat of the wash and rinse liquidsin the washing chamber so yas to prevent excessive changes intemperature. -The exterior of the gauge bottom 94 is glass-enamelled orsurfaced with a reflecting material and is-separated from the wall ofthe tank 2| by an air gap. The reservoir bottom 60 is also insulatedfrom 'the hot water in the bottom of the column 90by the air columnsinside of the tubes 93 and |00. l v

To adjust the column so that the level of th indicating liquid will beexactly at the line |08 05 when the tankcontains six quarts of water thefollowingprocedure may be adopted. Six quarts of `water are put into themachine'which should Y be previously emptied of liquid. Six quarts ofywater will just ll the bottom of the machine including the two chambersin the cup-shaped part of the journal casting 30, and the frustratedconical bottom with communicating pipes 'and tubes up tothe desiredlevel. This will immerse the elevating portion of the water actuat- 76Cil ing member. The normal level will just be at the point where thefrusto conical bottom 21 joins the cylindrical sides of the tanky 2|.The reservoir Achamber 96 of'the gauge' is then filled with the liquidup' to the line |04. The gauge top |05 including the gauge chamber |01is then screwed on to the threaded portion at the top of thereservoirchambet 94 with the rubber washer |06 in place. The combinedgauge top and bottom 94 is then moved along the tube 03 until the levelof 'liquid in the gauge chamber |01 is at the line |08. The set screw|02 is then tightened so that the combined gauge top and bottom will beheld in fixed position upon the tube 93. The pressure in the upper partof the tube 93 in the upper portion of the chamber |01 is maintained atatmospheric pressure by means of the openings and ||2 respectively. Thelinterior of the chamber |01` -is preferably coated with alayer of whiteDuco" or is nickel plated so that the color of the indieating liquid,which is preferably red, will be strongly contrasted against it.

It will be noted that the gauge is so arranged tuates another liquidcolumn, which forms a.

manometer with a broken column in which liquid willfnot be lost wheninverted or syphoned out when the tank is drained. When the tank 2| isdrainedy the liquid in the lower part ofthe column 90 will also bedrained.

The tubular member 43 (see Figures 1 and 5) in the Aparticularembodiment of the invention shown contains the bearing for the drivingshaft |20 of the Water impelling member in the lower part of the tank2|... Thewater impelling member `consists of a cylindrical shell |2| tothe upper exterior-of which are attached the circular inclined blades|22 Awhich terminate in enlarged concavo centrifugal spray-projectors|23. YThe upper part of the shell |-2| (see especially Figure 5) is'weldedto the nut |24 which is screwed" upon the upper part of the shaft|20. 'I'he nut |24 is screwed down to and rests upon a nut |26 which-isalso screwed upon the top of the shaft |20 and rests upon`a shoulderthereupon. Upon the top of this shaft isscrewed a greasecup |21 whichhas a knurled cap |28 by means of which ther pressure upon the greasecan be regulated..

A conduit |29 leads from the grease compartment within the cup to theupper bearing |30. The upper bearing |30jconsists of a bearing nut whichis screwed into the top of the tubular portion 43 of the casting 30. Thebearing |30is separated from the nut |26 by a fibre Washer |32. Theimpeller shaft and the motor shaft are operatively connected by means ofa hollow eylindrical coupling shell provided with interiorly flattenedportionsfwhich engage corresponding flattened portions or recesses onthe ends of the impeller 'or motor shafts. The shaft |20 is connected tothe shaft |33 of the motor |34 by means of the insulating coupling |35.The space be-V tween the end of theshaft |20 and the end of device |65.

the shaft |33 is filled with a rubber disk cemented in place so that nowater can complete the circuit between the shafts. 'I'he insulatingcoupling |35 drives the impeller by means of the flattened portions |31(shown more fully ony Figure '1). s4

tween the upper bearing |30 and the lower bear- 15- ing |35is positionedfelt or other absorbent material soaked with grease to avoid thenecessity of frequent oiling. The gap between the ends of the shafts |20and |33 is closed by a cylindrical piece of rubber cemented therein soas to pre- 20 vent shortl circuiting due. to collection of electrolytein .such gap.

The motor is centered in the following manner (see Figures 1 and 5). Themotor issupported partially bya spider |50 which has three supportingarms 5| which are attached to the three legs 23 which support the tank.The

`spider arms |5| are attached to the, legs by means of the`machinescrews |52. The ends of the legs |5| are separated from the legssupporting the tank'by the lead washers |53. The lower part of thecasting 30 has a-flange 44 which is provided with the circular shoulder45. 'I'he upper part 'of' the motor casing is similarly shouldered asindicated at |54 and these two shoulders are adapted to cooperate andhold the motor shaft firmly centered in respect to the impeller shaft|20.r The flange 44 is provided with a series of symmetrically arrangedholes through which bolts |56 may be passed. These bolts 40 screw intosuitable openings in the end bell of the motor |34. These bolts V| l56will pass through the spider |50 and firmly clamp the spider betweenthe. ange 44 and the motor |34. The bolts |56 are insulated from thejournal casting 45 30 by means of the fiber washers |51, the flber.'annular ring |58 and the vertical fiber ring |58 which latter restsbetween the cooperating shoulders '45 and |54. In addition .there is afiber sleeve |60 which ilts over the portion ofthe 50 bolt which passesthrough the ange 44.

The lower part of the impeller shell |2| (see Figures 1, 5 and 6) isprovided with a centrifugal This centrifugal device is adapted to' turnina lower chamber 42 of the casting 30. 55 The centrifugal memberconsists of a brass strip |66 the ends of which are widened asindicatedat |61 (see especially Figure 1). This brass strip is bent (see Figure6) so that it can be adjusted to give it a suitable" amount ofcentrifugal force to remove the liquids ufrom the tank 2|. The brassstrip |66 has a central portion which parvtiallyembraces the shell |2|of the impeller and around the other side of the shell or impeller is acooperating strip 10 which is bolted to the main 65 strip-at |1|. Thisbrass strip is preferably separated from the impeller sleeve or shell bya lead strip |12 which fits adjacent to, and around, the lower part ofthe impeller sleeve or shell |2|.v The lead strip prevents cracking ofthe glass enamel. The lower part of the impeller shell at diametricallyopposite points is provided with driving buttons |13 over which the leadstrips iit thus causing slight elevations in the lead strip. Thecentrifugal pump member |65 is po- 7| cause it to rotate therewith.v Thecentrifugal device |65 is held in position by means of the lower :darededge |16 of the impeller sleeve or shell I 2l andfour buttons |11 whichareV symmetrically positioned around the impeller shell just above thepositionkof 4the lead andbrass strips. l

The lower chamber 42 of thejournal casting 30 in which thecentrifugaldevice |65 rotates is separated from the upper chamber-4|bymeahs of the plate |80. The plate rests upon the shbulder |8| in thewall of Iupwardly facing cup of the journal casting and is held inposition and' kept from turning by means of the set screws |83 which fitinto the beveled recesses |82. The plate |80 has a large central openingwhich per- -mitspassage of liquids between the chambers 4| and 42. Castintegrally with this plate and projecting upwardly therefrom is thevertical cylindrical plate v|84 (see Figures 5 and 6) to which isattached a sloping horizontal plate (see Figure 5). These plates areadjacent to the side'of the chamber 4| and the lower part of thefrustrated conical l.portion 21 of the tank 2| and are positioned sothat they will form pockets in conjunction withthel side of chamber 4|and the bottom ofthe tank 21. The impeller usually is intendedl to turnclock-wise if one looks down- Wardly thereupon. The impeller forces anamount of water into the open space between the plates |84 and |85v andthe walls 4| and 82. This. water will increase the level indicationinthe gauge 89 so that it is possibleA to calibrate and operate thegauge 88 when the impeller is in motion. It is obvious, of course, .thatwhen a machine is operating a certain amount of water will Vhave beenelevated and will be in the form yof a spray in the open body of themachine or it may be hanging as droplets on the side of the variousracks and articles above the water level on the interior of the tank 2|.This will obviously decrease the amount of water which is contained inthe frustrated conicalbottom 21 and the chambers 4| and 42 'of thejournal casting 80. In order to get the vcorrect six quart level bothwhen the actuating device is in motion and when the machine is operatingit is necessary to pos ition some means such as that shown to increasethe level which will be indicatedby the gauge 80.v As can be seenfromFigure 6 the por tion of the plate |84 which is adapted to restadjacent to the side of the chamber 4| forces an additional amount ofliquidinto the column 80: A certain amount of liquid, of course,'willpass between the closely adjacent edges of the plate |84 and the side ofthe chamber 4|. This amount .of leakage can be increased by cuttinggrooves in the portion of the plate |84 which is closely adjacent to theside o1' the chamber 4| or it can b'e .restricted by attaching aplate ofsheet copper |88 (see Figure 6) on the rear side of the plate |84 whichwill closely cont ict with the wall of the chamber 4|. By makinaadjustments of this character it is possible to obtain a correctindication of the amount of. water in the tank while the impelleris inoperation. In preferred construction it may be desirable to omit aoaaiogthe plates |84 :and 'l Illsince they tend to accumulate dirt and foodparticles and they are not essential if the gauge is not to be operativwhen the impeller is in motion. i

The top of the impeller shell will beelevated 5 above the normal waterlevel. There will' be very little tendency for water leakage to takeplace past Vthe bearings of the4 shaft |20 under normal conditions. Itwill be noted that the impeller shell |2| forms an apron-like sleeveover 10 the top ofthe tubular bearing member 43 so that an air pocket isformedl between the impeller shell and-the tubular bearing.

The outside diameter of the journal member 43 (see Figure 5) is causedto increase as such 15 journal member 43 approaches the lower portion ofthe impeller shell ,|2|. The impeller shell is made substantiallycylindrical with the same .interior diameter from top to bottom. As aresult there will be a much smaller annular space ao |81 between theimpeller shell |2| vand the tubular bearing member 43 at the lower partof the impeller shell than there will be adjacent to the upper part ofthe impeller shell. The airtrapped in this annular space inside of theimpeller shell 25 further reduces the leakage. 'I'he air which istrapped in this annular space will be prevented from leaking Athrough'the bearing |80 by the lubricant contained in such bearing and it willbe prevented from leaking past the nut |24 adjacent su tothe grease cupattachment by means of the compressible washer |8| which is betweenthegrease cup |21 and thetop of the impeller sleeve Figure 7 shows amodification of the connec- $5 tions between the supporting spider, themotor and the casting 84 adapted to overcome insulating diillculties. Inthe arrangement shownin Figure 5 it has been found that it is sometimepossible for water to leakdown upon 40 the upper part of the flange 44and to connect electrically the bolts |55 to the casting 30. The bolts|56 are attached to the end bell of the motor. It is very possible foran eleetricalcharge to get into the body of the machine from the mo- 45tox and to shock the user thereof.` In Figure 7 the ports of the flange44 through which vthe'bolts |58 are passed are providedwith the bosses|90 so that the water will readily drain away from the top of theiiangefwithout causing electrical con- 50 nection between the bolts |56and the journal. casting 80. In the portion of the journal casting whichsurrounds the depending part |82/ on the .journal member 48 (see Figures1, 5 andi!) there are a series of openings |84 -so as to ventilata and55 make access possible to the space therein. The channel |88 (seeFigures 5 and '1) in the endbell of the motor |8 4 isdrainad to 'theexterior by drain hole 'or slot |88 sov that no. water accumulates toground the motor on the tank.

The lowest-part of the lower chamber 42 of th journal casting 20 -isprovided with a tapped pro'# jection |88 (see Figure 1). Into .thistapped pr-f jection is screwed a downwardly projecting tube |88 'to theend of which is attached the pet cock 55 |81. In case it is desired `todrain thefpump chamber of all lihid such pet cock may be' opened and thesmall amount of liquid left in the chamber 42, after the centrifugalpump has substantially exhausted the liquid from the interior ofg'mv4Figures 1 and 8 show details oi the improved lid, the air vent thereinand the means of hinging the lid to the body of the machine. The lid isprovided with a handle which is opposite and beyond the center from theback leg of the machine. The

position of the handle is approximately shown on Figure 3. To the backportion or the lid adjacent -to the air vent therein is attached abracket 200 T-shaped! piece 202 which is adapted to slide up and down inthe slot 204 of the slotted member 203 (see Figures 1 and 8). The slot204 is of sufflcient width to permit the rod 20| to slide freely.Between the slotted member 203 and the rear leg, forming a back of theslotted member is a backing strip of`sheet metal 206 which terminates inan external hook for use in supporting the motor cord when the machineis not connected to van electrical outlet. The slotted member and thebacking strip 205 are attached to the 'rear leg of the machine as by thetwo machine screws 205.

Figure 1 shows the position of the rod 20| when y the lid is coveringthe machine. Figure 8 shows the position of the rod 20| when the lid hasbeen moved 90 from the .position in Figure 1. It will be noted that theT-portion 202 has raised a slight bit during this movement so that it isadjacent to the top of the slot 204. During the next 90 of movement themoving T portion 2'02 will slide down in the slot 204 until the.,lidreaches a horizontal pomtion extending outwardly from the tank 2|. Atsuch time the T portion will be supported at the bottom of the slot. Thecurvature of the rod 20| is such that the danger of squeez-4 ing 'theoperators ilngers is minimized and the maximum strength oi' the rod willbe utilized. 'I'he back edge of the cover is hinged to the top of the#tank as indicated at 2|0.

The cover 22 (see Figure l) is made smooth 'and it isprovided in thepreferred form' with a central opening 2| i, the edges 2I2 of whicharebent downwardly. Below the opening 2 is placed as sort of a bailleseparator. lIt will be noted that the lower horizontal portion ot thedepending well 2|4 slopes inwardly and downwardly so that any moistureseparated by the dome 2|3 can readily drain back into the body o1' thetank through the.-

tical portion oi the tank 2| and assist the sealing action. The rubbergasket 2|0 is iitted around the cylindrical portion2ll.' When theimpeller is in operation thelid. 22 is clamped to the tank in such amanner that the rubber ring 2|5 will be compressed. This will produce avery eiiective moisture tight vjoint between the lid and the body of thetank.

The electrical connection to the motor may be actuated by the switch 225(see Figure 8) which is placed adjacent to the rear top of the tank. 5This switch is held in a hook shaped member 226 which is attached to thebody of the tank by the upper machine screw 20,5. The cable 221 leadsdown along the side of the tank to the motor |34.

The legs 23 (see'Figuresl and 2) and the 10 bracket 15 (see Figure 3)are attached to the side of the tank by the brackets 230. These bracketsare shown in greater detail in Figures 9, 1Q and l1. The brackets aremade of one piece of metal which has two ilat portions 23| 15 which areadapted to be attached to the side of the tank 2| preferably by welding.T'he bracket also has a rebent portion 232 which is slotted as indicatedat 233. This rebent portion forms a sort oi@ receptacle which is adaptedto 20 guide the nut 234. The position of the nut 234 may be adjustedthrough the slot 233 so that it will come opposite the opening for thebolt 236. The bolt 236 will also pass through the member, as for examplethe leg 23, which it is ,desired 25 to attach to the body of the tank.In this manner a very rm and rigid connection between the leg and othermembers of the tank is obtained without holes in the body of the tank,thus further insuring against leakage past any openings 30 due to thepresence of loosened bolts. The upper rack structure250 and the lowerrack structure 25| are shown in vertical sectionin Figure l. The rackconstruction is more fully shown and described in a copendingapplication. 'I'he up- 35 per rack structure is madein two parts; aninterior portion 252 and an exterior portion 253. The interior portion252 hangs upon the inner edge of the exterior portion. The exteriorportion 253 is suspended from the upper strengthen- 40 ing groove 25.The upper rack is designed to hold the cups, glasses and deep vesselswhich are usually placed. thereon with their basin portions downward.`It will be noted that the basin portions oi these articles will facetowadthe imi5 .peller to a greater or less degree so that the cleansingspray will strike them in a most effective manner. In the case of suchvessels it is preferred that their basin portions be turned toward thecleansing projected stream in such a EO manner that the stream willstrike the center i inside bottom oi the basin portion perpendicularlyand then will be thrown out toward the `sides of the basin portion. Theouter portions of these 'objects which are more readily cleansed 55 willbe struck bythe returning spray. The

. center portion of the upper rack 252 or the'fcomplete upper rack canbe removed or placed in the cover 22 when the same is turned back ininverted horizontal position. The dishes can C0 be conveniently placedin such a rack whileit is positioned in such cover and moreover ii thedishes have been washed and rinsed with hot water they can be placed insuch inverted cover for drying purposes without removal from the C5rack. The inner upper rack 252 can be removed without moving the outerupper rack 253 -and in this manner ready access can be had to thelowerrack 25| and to the bottom of the tank.

. The lower` ra'ck 25| may be supported upon the 70 bottom of the tankby the four symmetrically positioned legs 250 or/and the impeller guardmemf ber 210. Preferably the lower rack is supported on the impellerguard 210 Aalone when in place in the machine. The legs are attachedprimarily 75 for supporting the rack when it is outside of the tank soas to lprevent any downwardly projecting portions of the dishes frombeing chipped and otherwise marred. These legs also form a convenientmeans of supporting the rack on uneven surfaces such as fluted drainboards. Three legs or any other number may be utilized. The lower rackcontains a special perforated sheet metal holder 26| which is positionedinsuch a manner thatknives, forks and spoons will receive 'the fulleffect of the cleansing spray. The height .of the holder 26| is suchthat those portions of the knives, forks and spoons which come intocontact with the food will' be exposed to the direct action of the waterwithout interference by the supporting screens. A series of lwireholders are arranged in said lower rack so as to provide a holder forthe dishes which were not placed in the upper rack.4 The impeller turnsclockwise looking down and the concavo portion of the dishes arey placedso that they will face the spray which is hurled or projected by suchrapidly rotating impeller. The backs of the plates which are morereadily cleansed will receive the returning spray and streams ordroplets of water. This lower rack is provided with handles 266.. whichenable it to be readily removed from the tank.

In the lower part of the tank is an impeller guard (see Figures 1 and 2)which is provided with three outwardly projecting wires 21 I ,oneofwhich is shown in Figure 1. These projecting wires 21| are supported attheir extremities on the bottom of the tank adjacent to the jointure ofthe dished bottom 21and cylindrical walls of the tank 2 I. They are alsopositioned on the dished bottom of the tank adjacent to the impeller bya rightangular and U-bend portion 214. The length of the wires 21| issuch` that the wires will always be in tight contact with the tank attheir extremities so as to position the impeller guard 210 and thevertical plate 212 in their proper positions. To each one of theseprojecting members is attached an laluminum plate or a plate of anenamelled sheet metal or some other non-corrodible ly prevent whirlingmovement of the water con tained in the f rusto-'conicall portion 21 ofthe tank 2| and will maintain the poolin a relatively quiescentcondition. These plates are attached to the projecting arms 21 in such amanner that their smooth surface will face away from the direction ofrotation of lthe water while their irregular inner portions will facetoward the direction of rotationof the water so that they will beautomatically cleansed. If desired more or less than three symmetricallypositioned plates 212 can be utilized, but three plates are preferred.In the embodiment shown, the plates 212 are attached to the wires 21| bythe folding ears 215. The plates 212 may also be attached tothe wires21| by welding. The center portion of the guard 210 consists of aprotective cage. The protective cage is formed of a series of concentricwire rings 211 welded to the vertical and horizontal portions 219 of themain wires 21| adjacent to' the impeller. The main wires 21| terminateat, and are welded to, a heavy wire ring 218 which is above the impellershaft. The protective cage will prevent the dishes` and the handsfromcoming in left open asy indicated so that ready access will be hadto the grease cup |21 without removing the guardv conduit 58.

11 is turned so that the passages 59 and 51 will bek In the preferredform both the interior and exterior of the lid and tank body are coatedwith glass enamel preferably white in color, so that the amount of heatltransference therethrough will be reduced to a minimum. The use ofglass 5 enamel will give a much better appearance to the machine andwill also enable the machine to be much more readily cleansed. 4It willbe noted that the interior of the tank contains practically no crevicesor recesses into which dirt can collect 10 which are not subjected tothe cleansing action of the spray projected by the impeller. The use ofa smooth inner coating of glass enamel will greatly increase theself-cleansing properties of the machine. It will be noted that thereis-nothl5 ing over the water impeller in the center of the machine tointerfere with the direct action between the projected vspray and thearticles upon the upper rack.

The machine is operated in the following man- 20..

ner: The dishes and articles to be cleansed are placed in the upper andlower racks and the racks are then placed in the machine with the upperrack supported on the horizontally inverted cover. If desired the. lowerrack can be loaded in 25 place in the machine. AAfter the loaded racksare placed in the tank the cover is closed and clamped in place. Beforethe cover is closed a tablespoon full of soap flakes is preferablyplaced in the tank of the machine. If ordinary water is being used 30 itis best to place a teaspoon full or a suilicient quantity of a watersoftener, say tri-sodium phosphate, in the funnel 60 of the swinging armcontaining the conduit 51. It is assumed that this arm has already beenadjusted so it will be of 35 the proper height andl length to cooperatewith the faucet of the sink. The funnel is then rotated so that it willface upwardly, if it is not already in this position, and it is placedunder the spigot of the sink. The three-way cock 11 is then manip- 4,0ulated so that the conduit 51 will open into the If the impeller is notin operation the conduit 51 may be allowed to open into the conduit 59.Hot water is then run from the faucet into the funnel until lthe level of the red 45 indicating liquid in the gauge reaches the line |08, whichshows that the proper amount of liquid has been received in the machine.The supply of water is then turned oil, the switch 225 is actuated so asto initiate rotation of the impeller and the 50 l .dishes are allowed towash for about five minutes or longer depending on the conddition, ofthe dishes. The funnel 60 on the swinging arm containing Vthe conduit 51is then rotated so that it will face downwardly and the three-way valve50 11 is moved so that it will connect the passage 59 with the passage51. Since the motor is still running the\ centrifugal device |65 willexhaust substantially all of the waste liquid from the tank. The threeway valve is then turned so as to connect the passages 51 and 58. Afterplacing a teaspoon full or a sulcient quantity of water soft-y ener, toprevent the dishes and apparatus from being coated with lime soaps, inthe funnel 60 i the rst rinse water is allowed to run into the 65 tankuntil the indicating columnl shows that the proper amount has beenreceived. The machin. is then allowed to operate for a minute,'. thefinnel is then turned downwardly and the cock 0 in communication. Thewaste rinse water will then be exhausted to the sink. 'I'he machine maythen again be rinsed in a simllarmanner by preferably using clearhotwater without the softener z to'decrease tendency of spotting due toa lessened 75 amount of solids in solution in the waf ter. Afterexhausting the second rinse the cover oi the machine is removed and theupper rack of hot dishes is lifted from the machine and placed in theopen cover to hasten drying. .In case too much soap is` put in themachine the suds will become so thick it will be diillcult to pump out.In such a case additional water is allowed to enter the machine so as todilute the suds and enable them to be removed.

What is claimed is:

1. In a washing machine, a tank, a tubular bearing member extendingupwardly from the bottom oi the tank, a motor positioned exterior oi thetank, an apron shell spaced from said. tubular bearing and extendingdownwardly therearound, the diameter of said tubular bearing with yrespect to said apron being less adjacent the upperv portion oi' saidbearing than at the lower portionthereof, thereby decreasing the spacebetween said apron and said tubular bearing as the apron approaches thebottom oi the bearing, a water impeller-blade mounted on said apron,

v and a shaft extending through said tubular bearing operativelyconnecting the top oi said apron cage, and vertical baille platesattached to said municating therewith. and vertical baille platespositioned on the sloping bottom of said tank but spaced a substantialdistance from said well chamber to maintain a body oi liquid in thebottom of said tank in a relatively quiescent state.

4. In a'washing machine, a tank having acentrally and downwardly slopingbottom provided with an opening in the lower portion thereof, a

' well .chamber mounted to the bottom of said tank around the openingtherein, said chamber being divided into an upper compartment and alower compartment communicating' therewith, an outlet conduitcommunicating with said lower compartment, a centrifugal pump in saidlower compartment adapted to ejectwater through said outlet conduit, aspray projecting impeller rotat' ably mounted on a substantiallyvertical axis in the lower portion oi said tank above said well chamber,rotatable driving means extending through said well chamber andoperativelyv con- 10 necting said pump and said impeller, and bailleplates radially positioned upon the sloping bottom of the tank, saidplates being spaced laterally a substantial distance irom said impellerand adapted to maintain a body of liquid in said 'tank in a relativelyquiescent state.

5, In a washing machine, a tank having a oentrallyvand downwardlysloping bottom provided with anl opening in the lower portion thereof, awell chamber secured to the bottom oi said tially vertical axis abovesaid well chamber, driving means Ior'said impeller and said pump and-bailie plates positioned on the bottom oi said tank, said plates beingspaced laterally a sub stantial distance from said impeller.

6. In a washing machine, a tank having a centrally and downwardlysloping, bottom provided with an opening inthe lower. portion thereof, awell chamber secured to the bottom oi the tank around the openingtherein, a centrally perfo-l rated plate in said well chamber dividingthe same into an upper compartment/and Va lower compartment, an outletconduit communicating with said lower compartment, a centrifugal pump insaid lower compartment adapted to eject water through said outletconduit, a spray projecting rotatable impeller mounted ona'substantially vertical axis in said tank above said well chamber,rotatable driving means extending upwardly through said well chamberandoperatively connecting-said pump and said impeller, a plurality oi*baille plates positioned on said slopingbottom, said bailles beingspaced laterally a substantial distance from said impeller and adaptedto maintain liquid in said tank in a relatively quies- 50 cent state.

EDGAR S. STODDARD.

